Math Symbols Reference — 200+ Mathematical Signs Copy & Paste

Whether you're a student, teacher, engineer, or just need to type a math equation online, this complete math symbols reference has everything you need. Copy and paste any mathematical symbol directly from this page.

Basic Arithmetic Symbols

• + — Plus / Addition
• − — Minus / Subtraction (U+2212, proper minus)
• × — Multiplication (U+00D7)
• ÷ — Division (U+00F7)
• = — Equals
• ≠ — Not Equal To
• ± — Plus-Minus
• ∓ — Minus-Plus
• % — Percent
• ‰ — Per Mille
• ‱ — Per Ten Thousand

Comparison & Inequality Symbols

• < — Less Than
• > — Greater Than
• ≤ — Less Than or Equal To
• ≥ — Greater Than or Equal To
• ≪ — Much Less Than
• ≫ — Much Greater Than
• ≈ — Approximately Equal To
• ≅ — Congruent To
• ≡ — Identical To
• ≢ — Not Identical To
• ∼ — Tilde / Similar To
• ≃ — Asymptotically Equal To
• ∝ — Proportional To

Algebra & Equation Symbols

• ² — Superscript Two (squared)
• ³ — Superscript Three (cubed)
• ⁿ — Superscript n
• √ — Square Root
• ∛ — Cube Root
• ∜ — Fourth Root
• ∞ — Infinity
• | — Absolute Value (pipe)
• ⌊ — Floor Function (left)
• ⌋ — Floor Function (right)
• ⌈ — Ceiling Function (left)
• ⌉ — Ceiling Function (right)
• ! — Factorial

Calculus & Analysis Symbols

• ∫ — Integral
• ∬ — Double Integral
• ∭ — Triple Integral
• ∮ — Contour Integral
• ∯ — Surface Integral
• ∰ — Volume Integral
• ∂ — Partial Derivative
• ∇ — Nabla / Del (gradient)
• ∆ — Delta (change)
• ε — Epsilon (epsilon-delta)
• lim — Limit
• ∑ — Summation (Sigma)
• ∏ — Product (Pi)
• d — Differential

Set Theory Symbols

• ∈ — Element Of
• ∉ — Not an Element Of
• ∋ — Contains as Member
• ⊂ — Subset Of
• ⊃ — Superset Of
• ⊆ — Subset Of or Equal To
• ⊇ — Superset Of or Equal To
• ∪ — Union
• ∩ — Intersection
• ∅ — Empty Set
• ∖ — Set Minus
• ℕ — Natural Numbers
• ℤ — Integers
• ℚ — Rational Numbers
• ℝ — Real Numbers
• ℂ — Complex Numbers

Logic & Boolean Symbols

• ∧ — Logical And
• ∨ — Logical Or
• ¬ — Logical Not
• ⊕ — Exclusive Or (XOR)
• → — Implies
• ↔ — If and Only If (biconditional)
• ∀ — For All (universal quantifier)
• ∃ — There Exists (existential quantifier)
• ∄ — There Does Not Exist
• ⊢ — Proves / Entails
• ⊨ — Models / Satisfies
• ⊤ — True (tautology)
• ⊥ — False / Perpendicular

Geometry Symbols

• ° — Degree
• ∠ — Angle
• ∡ — Measured Angle
• ⊾ — Right Angle (arc)
• ∟ — Right Angle
• △ — Triangle
• □ — Square
• ○ — Circle
• ⊙ — Circled Dot
• ∥ — Parallel To
• ∦ — Not Parallel To
• ⊥ — Perpendicular
• ≅ — Congruent To
• ∼ — Similar To
• π — Pi (3.14159...)

Greek Letters Used in Math

• α — Alpha
• β — Beta
• γ — Gamma
• δ — Delta
• ε — Epsilon
• ζ — Zeta
• η — Eta
• θ — Theta
• λ — Lambda
• μ — Mu
• π — Pi
• σ — Sigma
• τ — Tau
• φ — Phi
• χ — Chi
• ψ — Psi
• ω — Omega

Statistics & Probability Symbols

• μ — Mean (population)
• x̄ — Mean (sample)
• σ — Standard Deviation (population)
• s — Standard Deviation (sample)
• σ² — Variance
• r — Correlation Coefficient
• P — Probability
• ∩ — And (intersection in probability)
• ∪ — Or (union in probability)
• ! — Factorial
• C — Combination
• P — Permutation

How to Type Math Symbols

Several methods to insert math symbols:

• Copy from here: Click any symbol and copy
• Windows Character Map: Start → charmap → search for symbol
• Mac: Edit → Emoji & Symbols (Ctrl+Cmd+Space)
• HTML entities: Use codes like &times; for ×
• LaTeX: Use \times, \div, \sum, \int in documents
• Google Docs: Insert → Special characters → Math

This reference covers the most commonly used mathematical symbols across all branches of mathematics. Bookmark it for quick access whenever you need to type an equation or formula online.