Greek Letters and Symbols: Complete Copy Paste Guide

Greek letters are used everywhere — math, science, fraternities, sororities, finance, and more. The Greek alphabet has 24 letters, each with uppercase and lowercase forms. Here they all are, ready to copy and paste.

Complete Greek Alphabet

Letter	Uppercase	Lowercase	Name	Common Use
1	Α	α	Alpha	First, beginning, angular acceleration
2	Β	β	Beta	Beta testing, coefficients
3	Γ	γ	Gamma	Gamma rays, Euler's constant
4	Δ	δ	Delta	Change, difference, options trading
5	Ε	ε	Epsilon	Small quantity, error margin
6	Ζ	ζ	Zeta	Riemann zeta function
7	Η	η	Eta	Efficiency, viscosity
8	Θ	θ	Theta	Angles, options time decay
9	Ι	ι	Iota	Very small amount
10	Κ	κ	Kappa	Curvature, kappa statistic
11	Λ	λ	Lambda	Wavelength, AWS Lambda
12	Μ	μ	Mu	Mean, micro prefix
13	Ν	ν	Nu	Frequency
14	Ξ	ξ	Xi	Random variable, Ethereum symbol
15	Ο	ο	Omicron	COVID variant
16	Π	π	Pi	3.14159..., product notation
17	Ρ	ρ	Rho	Density, correlation
18	Σ	σ	Sigma	Sum, standard deviation, Six Sigma
19	Τ	τ	Tau	Time constant, torque
20	Υ	υ	Upsilon	Particle physics
21	Φ	φ	Phi	Golden ratio (1.618...), angles
22	Χ	χ	Chi	Chi-square test, Christ
23	Ψ	ψ	Psi	Quantum mechanics, psychology
24	Ω	ω	Omega	Ohms, last, omega-3, final

Most Popular Greek Letters

Pi (π / Π)

The most famous Greek letter. π represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter (approximately 3.14159). Pi Day is celebrated on March 14th (3/14). In math, Π (capital) represents the product of a sequence.

Lowercase: π — 3.14159..., the mathematical constant
Uppercase: Π — Product notation in mathematics
HTML: π / Π

Delta (δ / Δ)

Delta means "change" or "difference" in mathematics and science. In finance, delta measures how much an option's price changes relative to the underlying asset. The uppercase Δ is the iconic triangle shape used in logos and branding.

Sigma (σ / Σ)

Σ means "sum" in mathematics. σ represents standard deviation in statistics. "Six Sigma" is a quality management methodology. Sigma is also used in machine learning and data science.

Omega (ω / Ω)

Omega means "great O" and is the last letter of the Greek alphabet. It represents electrical resistance (ohms), angular velocity, and the end of something. "Alpha and Omega" means "the beginning and the end."

Phi (φ / Φ)

Phi represents the golden ratio (approximately 1.618), found in art, architecture, and nature. The golden ratio appears in the Parthenon, the Mona Lisa, and even the spiral of galaxies.

Greek Letters in Fraternities and Sororities

Greek letters are the namesake of Greek-letter organizations in colleges worldwide. Common ones include:

Α Φ Α: Alpha Phi Alpha (first Black fraternity)
Σ Α Ε: Sigma Alpha Epsilon
Κ Α Ψ: Kappa Alpha Psi
Δ Δ Δ: Delta Delta Delta (Tri-Delt)
Α Ο Π: Alpha Omicron Pi

How to Type Greek Letters

Mac: Control + Command + Space, search the letter name
Windows: Win + . for emoji picker, or use Alt codes
Google Docs: Insert > Special Characters, search "alpha," "beta," etc.
HTML: Use named entities like α, β, γ
Or copy paste: Click any letter in the table above

Explore more in our math symbols guide and complete symbol collection.

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